Soybean and maize cultivation in South America: Environmental comparison of different cropping systems
نویسندگان
چکیده
Maize and soybean are two widely spread crops for food, feed biofuel production, in South America there some of the most important producing countries world. This study investigates environmental impact linked to their agricultural production a sub-tropical American context, starting from primary data relating cultivated area eastern Paraguay. To this end, Life Cycle Assessment approach was adopted cradle-to-farm gate perspective, evaluating eight different categories. In particular, widespread intra-annual rotations were compared, both which consider as first-season crop, alternating second-season with maize or itself. Environmental results expressed crop-to-crop (per t individual product) four units expressing land management function (1 ha year−1); productive GJ ha−1 year−1 1 crude protein year−1) finally financial USD gross margin cropping systems. system approach, per hectare produced do not see one performing better than other consistently over evaluated The soybean-maize rotation, on hand, appeared clearly more efficient an point view terms energy year. lack shared consensus appropriate comprehensive way express LCA studies systems makes difficult selection best system. still on-going limitations controversies selecting functional unit LCA.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Cleaner environmental systems
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2666-7894']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cesys.2021.100017